Wednesday, April 1, 2020
Chemical Boyles Law
Chemical Boyle's LawChemistry Boyle's law has been described as the 'common-sense'normative' version of the more complex Wheely-Welle hypothesis. Wheely-Welle states that when a molecular unit or atom is within an excited state (whose energy is greater than that of the molecular weight), its momentum will be increased by an equal amount for every energy lost.The common-sense view is that the state of the molecule changes, and that it loses energy, but in reality the energy has been lost by the intrinsic quantum mechanical behavior of the molecule. The kinetic energy may be greater than the energy required to move the molecule into the excited state, but the 'lost' energy is transformed into heat. This means that there are energy losses associated with any chemical reaction. These losses occur during chemical reactions in the liquid phase, where most reactions take place, and in the gaseous phase where little or no reactions take place.The key to Boyle's law is that the energy of the molecules is lost by their intrinsic quantum mechanical behavior. This loss of energy is intrinsic to the molecule. There is no loss of energy from the moving part of the molecule because of the changes in the molecular structure; there is therefore no loss of energy from the molecule in the kinetic state and no loss of energy in the excited state.The loss of energy in a reaction may not be as obvious as a difference in kinetic energy and heat release, because there may be several variables affecting the reaction such as the timing of the initiation of the reaction, the number of molecules participating in the reaction, the temperature, the process being measured, and the additional factors such as pressure and temperature differences between the starting and reacting substances. However, if a high enough energy has been released, the loss of energy is visible.To test the validity of the theory, many experiments were carried out by using Sonol probes. Sonol probes are essentially el ectrical probes, which use piezoelectric properties to sense the changing state of molecules and extract data about the change in their states. Sonol probes can measure and record the change in state of any molecule.One of the largest studies was carried out by Professor K. H. Sonol who analysed over twenty thousand reactions, using Sonol probes. These reactions were to analyse the reactions of mixtures of sulfuric acid and ammonia, two widely used chemicals in the chemical industry. Sonol probes were used to record the molecules within the sample, and then from those recorded data, a relationship was drawn between the molecules and the other substances in the sample. This relationship revealed the presence of Boyle's law.One of the problems in measuring Boyle's law in the gas phase is that Sonol probes have no direct connection to a gas supply, so that any losses associated with reactions are attributed to gas leaks. A new type of device was invented to solve this problem, called G as Dependent Sonol Probes. Sonol probes are fitted with a gas-tight housing to provide a clear, continuous recording.Other studies have shown the effects of various levels of reaction temperatures on the rate of reactions. For example, there are experiments showing that at higher temperatures, the number of chemical bonds in a molecule is reduced, this reduced number of bonds resulting in fewer bonds in the molecule.
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